1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
|
// $Id$
REQUIREMENTS
------------
Drupal requires a web server, PHP4 (http://www.php.net/) and MySQL or a
database server supported by the PHP PEAR API (http://pear.php.net/)
NOTE: The Apache web server and MySQL database are strongly recommended;
other web server and database combinations such as IIS and PostgreSQL
are possible but tested to a lesser extent.
SERVER CONFIGURATION
--------------------
Your PHP must have the following settings:
session.save_handler user
In addition, we recommend the following settings:
session.cache_limiter none
These values are set in php.ini and can be overwritten in a .htaccess
file; you can print out your local PHP settings with PHP's phpinfo()
function.
OPTIONAL COMPONENTS
-------------------
- To use XML-based services such as the Blogger API, Jabber, RSS
syndication, you will need PHP's XML extension. This extension is
enabled by default in standard PHP4 installations.
- If you want support for clean URLs, you'll need mod_rewrite and
the ability to use local .htaccess files. (More information can
be found in the Drupal handbook on drupal.org.)
INSTALLATION
------------
1. DOWNLOAD DRUPAL
You can obtain the latest Drupal release from http://drupal.org/.
Download the current tar.gz format and extract the files:
$ wget http://drupal.org/drupal/drupal-x.x.x.tgz
$ tar -zxvf drupal-x.x.x.tgz
This will create a new directory drupal-x.x.x/ containing all
Drupal files and directories. Move the contents of that directory
into a directory within your web server's document root or your
public HTML directory:
$ mv drupal-x.x.x/* drupal-x.x.x/.htaccess /var/www/html
2. CREATE THE DRUPAL DATABASE
These instructions are for MySQL. If you are using another database,
check the database documentation. In the following examples,
"dba_user" is an example MySQL user which has the CREATE and GRANT
privileges. You will need to use the appropriate user name for your
system.
First, you must create a new database for your Drupal site:
$ mysqladmin -u dba_user -p create drupal
MySQL will prompt for the dba_user database password and then create
the initial database files. Next you must login and set the access
database rights:
$ mysql -u dba_user -p
Again, you will be asked for the dba_user database password. At the
MySQL prompt, enter following command:
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON drupal.*
TO nobody@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
where
'drupal' is the name of your database
'nobody@localhost' is the userid of your webserver MySQL account
'password' is the password required to log in as the MySQL user
If successful, MySQL will reply with
Query OK, 0 rows affected
to activate the new permissions you must enter the command
flush privileges;
and then enter '\q' to exit MySQL.
3. LOAD THE DRUPAL DATABASE SCHEME
Once you have a database, you must load the required tables:
$ mysql -u nobody -p drupal < database/database.mysql
4. CONNECTING DRUPAL
Drupal server options are specified in includes/conf.php.
Drupal allows for multiple virtual host installations; to configure
a virtual server host, you can create the configuration file
includes/www.example.com.php
where www.example.com is your website's URL.
Before you can run Drupal, you must set the database URL and the
base URL to the web site. Open the configuration file and edit the
$db_url line to match the database defined in the previous steps:
$db_url = "mysql://username:password@localhost/drupal";
Set $base_url to match the address to your web site:
$base_url = "http://www.example.com";
NOTE: for more information about multiple virtual hosts or the
configuration settings, consult the Drupal handbook at drupal.org.
5. CONFIGURE DRUPAL
You can now launch your browser and point it to your Drupal site.
Create an account and login. The first account will automatically
become the main administrator account.
6. CRON TASKS
Many Drupal modules have periodic tasks that must be triggered by a
cron job. To activate these tasks, you must call the cron page;
this will pass control to the modules and the modules will decide
if and what they must do.
The following example crontab line will activate the cron script
on the hour:
0 * * * * wget -O - -q http://HOSTNAME/cron.php
More information about the cron scripts are available in the admin
help pages and in the Drupal handbook at drupal.org. Example
scripts can be found in the scripts/ directory.
DRUPAL ADMINISTRATION
---------------------
Upon a new installation, your Drupal website defaults to a very basic
configuration with only a few active modules, one theme, and no user
access rights.
Use your administration panel to enable and configure services. For
example, set some general settings for your site with "Administration -
configuration". Enable modules via "Administration - configuration -
modules". User permissions can be set with "Administration - accounts
- permissions".
For more information on configuration options, read through the
instructions which accompany the different configuration settings and
consult the various help pages available in the administration panel.
Note that additional community-contributed modules and themes are
available at http://drupal.org/.
CUSTOMIZING YOUR THEME(S)
-------------------------
Now that your server is running, you will want to customize the look
of your site. Several sample themes are included in the Drupal
installation and more can be downloaded from drupal.org.
Customizing each theme depends on the theme. In general, each theme
contains a PHP file themename.theme which defines a function header()
that can be changed to reference your own logos.
Most themes also contain stylesheets or PHP configuration files to
tune the colors and layouts; check the themes/ directory for README
files describing each alternate theme.
UPGRADING
---------
1. Backup your database and Drupal directory - especially your
configuration file (www.example.com.conf or includes/conf.php).
2. Log on as the user with user ID 1.
3. Overwrite all the old Drupal files with the new Drupal files.
4. Modify the new configuration file to make sure it has the
correct information.
5. Run update.php by visiting http://www.example.com/update.php.
MORE INFORMATION
----------------
For platform specific configuration issues and other installation and
administration assistance, please consult the Drupal handbook at
http://drupal.org/. You can also find support at the Drupal support
forum or through the Drupal mailing lists.
|
